PROTOPLAST FUSION

    

    Protoplast fusion is a technique that involves removing the cell wall from two living cells to create a protoplast (Koryati, 2022). The protoplasts are then combined to form a hybrid cell that combines the genetic material from both cells of origin. The purpose of protoplast fusion is to create characters like the two original cells and develop new varieties that have not existed before with superior properties and resistance to plant disease pests (Wang, et al., 2013).

    The protoplast fusion technique can be divided into several types according to (Chu: 1978) including:

• Homokaryotic fusion: protoplast fusion of the same organism.
• Heterokaryotic fusion: the fusion of protoplasts from different organisms.
• Symetric fusion: the fusion of protoplasts from the same organism and is symmetrical.
• Asymetric fusion: The fusion of protoplasts from different organisms asymmetrically.

    There are several factors that can affect the success of protoplasts, these factors include:

• Protoplast compatibility: It is important to select protoplast pairs that have compatible properties to increase the chances of successful fusion.
• Accuracy of the technique used: The quality of protoplast isolation affects the ability of the protoplast to grow and develop.
• Size and Shape of Protoplasts: Protoplasts that have the right size and shape will make higher fusion.
• Hybrid regeneration: Factors that support regeneration such as hormones, proper media can affect the success of protoplast fusion.

    The protoplast fusion technique can be said to be a difficult technique to perform. This is because it must be careful in combining two living cells so as to produce maximum output. However, if done successfully, it can create new varieties of superior plants.

References:

Chu, C. (1978). Protoplast Fusion For Production Of Heterokaryotic Hybrids Of Filamentous Fungi. Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences, 75(1), 161-165.

Fitriani, H., Rahman, N., Kurniawati, S., Aryaningrum, P. D., & Hartati, N. S. (2019). Isolation And Protoplas Culture Of Leaf Mesophyll From Some Genotypes Of Cassava (Manihot Esculenta Crantz).Industrial Biopropal, 10(1), 1-13.

Koryati, T., Ningsih, H., Erdiandini, I., Paulina, M., Firgiyanto, R., Junairiah, J., & Sari, V. K. (2022). Plant Breeding.

Wang, J., Jiang, J., & Wang, Y. (2013). Protoplast Fusion For Crop Improvement And Breeding In China.Plant Cell, Tissue And Organ Culture (PCTOC), 112, 131-142.